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Topic article: Transitions & cohesion
CELPIP raters listen for how ideas connect. Thin transitions can make strong ideas feel choppy, even when grammar is correct.
Use a small set of high-utility discourse markers (addition, contrast, cause, example, summary) and vary them so paragraphs feel guided rather than list-like.
Before your next Writing or Speaking attempt, pick three transitions from your deck and commit to using each once where it truly fits—not as filler.
Avoid repeating the same marker twice in one paragraph; swapping within a category (e.g., “Moreover” vs. “In addition”) sounds more natural than echoing one bridge.
In Speaking, short audible bridges between idea units matter more than long linking phrases—keep transitions within the time you can deliver smoothly.
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